"systemic racism" is nothing new, it is just the catch phrase which is currently in fashion.
In every human society for the past 10,000 years, you have had a ruling class that controls the military/political power and most of the wealth. It can be based on race, religion, culture, langauge, etc.
Children of the ruling class always have advantages since they have access to the best education, official positions and business opportunities so the ruling class tends to perpetuate itself through the generations.
Obviously, the "ruling class" will adopt laws and a judicial sytem to perpetuate their rule and keep the lower classes in line.
You will always have people from the other classes who decry the advantages of the current ruling class. You may even have social or political revolutions that overturn the current system and ruling class, but the inevitable result will be the creation of a new ruling class which brings you back to square one.
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